It turns out I overestimated myself; today I'm still stuck on writing. From eleven in the morning to one in the afternoon, two hours passed, and I only managed to write a thousand words. I'm beginning to doubt why I used to write so fast, and tonight I maintained the same speed. So, today's update will probably be a bit late, likely around one or two in the morning. By that time, just refresh this chapter.

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Abstract: This article primarily discusses the concept and role of computer network management and explains the security risks present during its operation. It also proposes some prevention strategies to promote the enhancement of network management levels, for the reference of related readers.

Keywords: Computer; Network Management; Security Risks; Prevention Strategies

With the continuous development of society and the innovation of computers, the current degree of informatization is continuously improving. Computers have become indispensable items in people's daily lives and are gradually changing their way of life. However, as computers continue to upgrade, the overall structure becomes increasingly complex, leading to many security issues that threaten the safe use of computers. Especially during the process of network coverage, the open and shared nature of the network makes users' personal information easily leak. At the same time, they may also face attacks from hackers and viruses. Therefore, it is essential to pay attention to the security risks in computer network management and formulate targeted preventive measures to ensure the safe use of computers.

1 Computer Network Management and Its Role

The reason for conducting computer network management is that during the development of computers, network structures are constantly being updated. If we do not timely manage the hardware, software, and systems of computers, it might lead to a decline in computer operational efficiency and easily result in information security issues. Only through computer network management can we ensure the normal operation of computers, providing convenience for people's production and life. During the process of computer network management, various security risks that threaten the operation of computers may be encountered. Computer network management exists precisely to highlight these security risks. As computer technology gradually becomes prevalent, more and more enterprises and individuals start to apply it in their work processes, using methods like sending information and emails to achieve information exchange between different regions. This greatly facilitates work progress and is beneficial to improving work efficiency. However, if there's a security loophole, not only will users' private information be stolen or leaked, but the confidential documents of enterprises might also be lost or damaged, which would have an immeasurable impact on the whole enterprise's development. Therefore, conducting computer network management work is a must[1]. The state and related departments, in the process of combating network-related crimes, have proposed corresponding clauses to draw people's attention to computer network management. Not only should individuals enhance their network management awareness, but enterprises should also actively develop computer network management systems to ensure enterprise information security. Only through computer network security management can computer information security be implemented, network security awareness can be continuously improved, network rules can be consciously followed, computer network security risks can be curbed from the source, and a good network environment for society can be created.

2 Security Risks in Computer Network Management

Due to the inherent openness of computers, the difficulty of computer network management work increases. Computers cannot simply be stopped from being used because of computer network risks, as the characteristics of computers themselves result in a series of security hazards. Moreover, since the operational proficiency of computer users varies, those with insufficient professional skills and weak risk awareness easily engage in improper operations, leading to the emergence of network management risks. Based on the causes of computer network management problems, the security risks in computer network management can be categorized into the following points:

2.1 Information Leakage

As computer networks continue to develop, big data technology is being widely applied across various industries. By using computer network technology, data collection, sorting, and analysis can be conducted effectively according to user needs for data retrieval. However, the rise of big data has also given rise to more information security problems[2]. When people operate big data for data analysis, it is inevitable to leak personal information, and this information is sold to various merchants at a low price, leading to the disclosure of personal privacy information. For instance, when people use software, the content pushed is precisely what they are interested in or want to search for, which essentially means that personal information has been leaked when using a computer. At the same time, computer network users generally do not possess professional computer knowledge and will only perform basic operations, thus not focusing on maintaining personal information during use, making them more susceptible to attacks by lawbreakers. Information leakage is a prominent issue in computer network management and measures must be taken to control it.

2.2 Unauthorized Data Collection

In China's regulations for computer network security protection, it is explicitly stated that no organization or individual may collect information on computer network users in any form, to combat various unauthorized data collection behaviors. However, in the actual implementation process, there are still merchants using various loopholes to guide users. For example, while using software, users are usually required to agree to a user agreement and bind their phone number; otherwise, the software cannot function normally. This is essentially a disguised way of collecting user information to facilitate software developers in advertising. Such behavior is rampant, seriously violating users' personal privacy rights and significantly hindering computer network management. Therefore, it is necessary to intensify the handling of unauthorized data collection behavior on one hand, and on the other hand, users should enhance their personal information protection awareness to fundamentally prohibit such unauthorized behavior[3].

2.3 Malicious Network Attacks

The primary sources of malicious network attacks are hackers, viruses, and some rogue software. Hackers can intrude into computers, damaging the user's computer and stealing user data, posing a significant threat to user network information security. Especially for some enterprises and organizations, their company computers store a large amount of important data related to the future development of the enterprise. If data theft occurs, it will significantly impact the company's development direction. Besides data theft, a series of computer viruses like Trojan viruses can damage the computer's system, causing system paralysis and irreparable damage. Therefore, in conducting computer network management, attention must also be paid to preventing and combating malicious network attacks.

3 Prevention Strategies in Computer Network Management

To address the current security risks in computer network management, targeted preventive measures must be adopted to prevent security vulnerabilities and maintain user network usage safety. At present, prevention can be carried out from the following aspects:

3.1 Improving Management Systems

In conducting computer network management, one aspect is that managers do not pay enough attention to computer network security, resulting in the lack of a comprehensive management system. Another aspect is the unclear division of responsibilities and powers within the management system, leading to disorder in the management process. Therefore, the first necessity is to improve the computer network management system. The first step in improving management systems is to promote managers' attention to computer network security, implementing a top-down approach to enhance users' awareness of network security [4]. The government and related organizations must improve the relevant regulations on computer network security management, establishing important guidelines for conducting management work, thus providing guidance for management work of enterprises and individuals. Network management work should cover various aspects such as network monitoring, fault repair, and fault records, dividing these tasks among specific individuals and regularly checking management personnel's work records to ensure work efficiency. In the event of a network security incident, identifying the source of the problem promptly and applying certain penalties to the responsible party can engrain computer network security management in mind, continuously enhancing management personnel's enthusiasm and sense of responsibility, promoting development and progress in management work.

3.2 Setting Access Permissions

Setting access permissions means incorporating users authorized to access the specified network into the rules, denying access to users who do not meet the access requirements, thus restricting user identity and preventing intrusion from lawbreakers [5]. In setting access permissions, it is first necessary to determine specific standards that meet access conditions. For example, during personal computer use, generally, only the individual has access permissions, while in an enterprise, only users connecting to the enterprise's public network can access computers, thereby preventing illegal external users from entering. Internally, computers can implement measures such as setting passwords or writing highly secure program codes to restrict access, reducing the probability of computer intrusion. Overall, setting access permissions is a basic preventive measure in computer network management security, able to isolate most illegal users and a proven effective measure.

3.3 Installing Antivirus Software

For users who lack professional computer management knowledge, installing antivirus software is the most effective preventive measure. Antivirus software can scan computers, detect risk items, and clean them up to ensure computer network security. When choosing antivirus software, downloading genuine software from official websites is necessary to ensure effective anti-virus performance [6]. Currently, the market has many rogue antivirus software that, during the download process, attach many other applications which cannot be forcibly uninstalled. These applications will continually occupy computer application space and pop up numerous ads, hindering normal computer operation and potentially causing lag or even paralysis with prolonged development. Therefore, caution and vigilance are required when choosing antivirus software. In addition, updating antivirus software regularly is necessary to prevent new viruses, ensuring the safety of computer use. Users must establish correct network security awareness, actively install antivirus software, regularly use software to clean computers, maintain computer operating efficiency, and stay vigilant while using computers online to identify and avoid false online information, especially regarding gambling and pornographic software and websites, which must be avoided to prevent virus intrusion. When downloading software and applications, pay attention to the source, learning to download applications from official channels to ensure application safety. In current computer network management, actively using antivirus software can isolate most computer viruses, maintaining computer health.

3.4 Application of Firewall and Encryption Technology

A firewall can build a defensive line between a computer and information, bringing important information under the firewall's protection to ensure computer network information security. The use of firewalls is relatively flexible, both as hardware facilities installed on computers and as software form based on hardware intelligence, providing protection against computer viruses and lawbreakers. Encryption technology serves as an internal preventive measure for computers. With the increasingly advanced network equipment, people are accustomed to using passwords to ensure device safety, such as needing boot passwords for computers and unlock passwords for phones to confirm device ownership. However, during encryption technology use, some users, due to the belief of luck, set quite simple keys, making it easy for hackers to quickly decipher passwords during an intrusion, greatly limiting the encryption technology's effectiveness. Therefore, in applying encryption technology, users must consciously complicate passwords, using combinations of various symbols to increase the password units, achieving higher security levels, thereby reducing the decryption probability during intrusions [7]. Computer users must establish awareness of applying firewalls and encryption technologies, focusing on preventing computer network security risks to reduce operating risks and provide a good environment for computer use, also protecting data and information security.

3.5 Strengthening Intrusion Detection

As computer structures become increasingly complex, running into more diverse issues, attention must be paid to using network monitoring software during computer usage to supervise the computer's usage, allowing timely detection of intrusion signs. Currently, among computer intrusion detection software, "Computer Manager" is a commonly used monitoring software that can remind users through pop-up windows.

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